Attitudes toward and Utilization of Evidence-based Practice among Norwegian Social Workers

Abstract

Purpose: This study analyzes Norwegian social workers’ attitudes toward evidence-based practice (EBP). Method: Qualitative interviews were conducted with 30 social workers and managers from social services and child welfare services. Results: Social workers were positive about EBP, yet confused about it, rarely distinguishing between EBP, empirically supported treatments (ESTs), experience-based knowledge and research when describing the concept. Five barriers to conducting EBP were identified: (i) concerns regarding a negative impact on the relationship with the client, (ii) lack of time, (iii) a top-down implementation approach, (iv) restriction of social workers’ autonomous decision-making, (v) EBP research models not always suiting the client’s/family’s need. Two benefits for practicing EBP were identified: (i) utilization of research in practice, (ii) utilization of general guidelines in decision-making processes. Discussion: The empirical material demonstrated that the social workers valued multiple types of knowledge when making informed decisions. The most prominent were practical and theoretical knowledge. Conclusion: The findings confirm recent studies, but also suggest a need for future research to bridge gaps in knowledge transfer.