dc.contributor.author | Sushma, Dahal | |
dc.contributor.author | Mamelund, Svenn-Erik | |
dc.contributor.author | Luo, Ruiyan | |
dc.contributor.author | Sattenspiel, Lisa | |
dc.contributor.author | Self-Brown, Shannon | |
dc.contributor.author | Chowell, Gerardo | |
dc.date.accessioned | 2022-10-04T11:07:22Z | |
dc.date.available | 2022-10-04T11:07:22Z | |
dc.date.created | 2022-07-25T12:00:46Z | |
dc.date.issued | 2022-08-07 | |
dc.identifier.citation | International Journal of Infectious Diseases. 2022, 122 910-920. | en_US |
dc.identifier.issn | 1201-9712 | |
dc.identifier.uri | https://hdl.handle.net/11250/3023582 | |
dc.description.abstract | Objectives: Indigenous populations have been disproportionately affected during pandemics. We investigated COVID-19 mortality estimates among indigenous and non-indigenous populations at national and sub-national levels in Mexico.
Methods: We obtained data from the Ministry of Health, Mexico, on 2,173,036 laboratory-confirmed RT-PCR positive COVID-19 cases and 238,803 deaths. We estimated mortality per 1000 person-weeks, mortality rate ratio (RR) among indigenous vs. non-indigenous groups, and hazard ratio (HR) for COVID-19 deaths across four waves of the pandemic, from February 2020 to March 2022. We also assessed differences in the reproduction number (Rt).
Results: The mortality rate among indigenous populations of Mexico was 68% higher than that of nonindigenous groups. Out of 32 federal entities, 23 exhibited higher mortality rates among indigenous groups (P < 0.05 in 13 entities). The fourth wave showed the highest RR (2.40). The crude HR was 1.67 (95% CI: 1.62, 1.72), which decreased to 1.08 (95% CI: 1.04, 1.11) after controlling for other covariates. During the intense fourth wave, the Rt among the two groups was comparable.
Conclusion: Indigenous status is a significant risk factor for COVID-19 mortality in Mexico. Our findings may reflect disparities in non-pharmaceutical (e.g., handwashing and using facemasks), and COVID-19 vaccination interventions among indigenous and non-indigenous populations in Mexico. | en_US |
dc.description.sponsorship | SD was funded by 2CI Doctoral Fellowship at Georgia State University | en_US |
dc.language.iso | eng | en_US |
dc.publisher | Elsevier | en_US |
dc.relation.ispartofseries | International Journal of Infectious Diseases;Volume 122, September 2022 | |
dc.relation.uri | https://www.ijidonline.com/article/S1201-9712(22)00447-7/fulltext | |
dc.rights | Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 Internasjonal | * |
dc.rights.uri | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/deed.no | * |
dc.subject | COVID-19 mortality | en_US |
dc.subject | Indigenous people | en_US |
dc.subject | Mexico | en_US |
dc.subject | Disparity | en_US |
dc.subject | Hazard ratios | en_US |
dc.subject | Reproduction numbers | en_US |
dc.title | Investigating COVID-19 transmission and mortality differences among Indigenous and non-Indigenous populations in Mexico | en_US |
dc.type | Peer reviewed | en_US |
dc.type | Journal article | en_US |
dc.description.version | publishedVersion | en_US |
dc.rights.holder | © 2022 The Author(s) | en_US |
cristin.ispublished | true | |
cristin.fulltext | original | |
cristin.qualitycode | 1 | |
dc.identifier.doi | https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijid.2022.07.052 | |
dc.identifier.cristin | 2039327 | |
dc.source.journal | International Journal of Infectious Diseases | en_US |
dc.source.volume | 122 | en_US |
dc.source.issue | 122 | en_US |
dc.source.pagenumber | 910-920 | en_US |
dc.relation.project | Senter for grunnforskning: Indigenous Peoples and Pandemics | en_US |