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dc.contributor.authorVon Soest, Tilmann
dc.contributor.authorLuhmann, Maike
dc.contributor.authorGerstorf, Denis
dc.date.accessioned2020-09-04T18:40:14Z
dc.date.accessioned2020-10-21T15:04:41Z
dc.date.available2020-09-04T18:40:14Z
dc.date.available2020-10-21T15:04:41Z
dc.date.issued2020
dc.identifier.citationVon Soest, Luhmann, Gerstorf. The Development of loneliness through adolescence and young adulthood: Its nature, correlates, and midlife outcomes. Developmental Psychology. 2020en
dc.identifier.issn0012-1649
dc.identifier.issn0012-1649
dc.identifier.issn1939-0599
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10642/9087
dc.description.abstractAdolescence and young adulthood are characterized by substantial sociodemographic, family, social, and personality changes that may influence loneliness. Although loneliness is a public health challenge, we know little about how loneliness develops during these periods. Our study addresses this lacuna by using four-wave longitudinal data from 3,116 Norwegians aged 13 to 31 years, making use of questionnaire (key facets and correlates of loneliness) and register linkage information (midlife outcomes). Analyses revealed that when asking directly about feeling lonely and for emotional facets, loneliness increased from early adolescence to age mid-20s, whereas social facets of loneliness declined gradually and plateaued when people had reached their mid 20s. Several predictors operated consistently across loneliness facets, whereas others operated in facet-specific ways. To illustrate, perceiving one’s parents as caring, having close friends, not leaving the parental home before age 18, and reporting more agency were each associated with less loneliness across assessment modes. In contrast, when asked directly, women reported more loneliness than men at all ages, whereas men reported more social loneliness. Finally, adolescents and young adults who reported feeling lonely and/or increased in loneliness were consistently at higher risk for disability and lower income in midlife, whereas other important midlife outcomes including education, labor market inclusion, and prescriptions of antidepressants exhibited facet-specific associations. Our study is the first to provide a comprehensive picture of loneliness development throughout the second and third decade of life and highlights the multidimensionality and multidirectionality of loneliness trajectories and correlates across adolescence and early adulthood.en
dc.description.sponsorshipThis research is partly funded by two grants from the Research Council of Norway (grant no. 288083 and grant no. 301010).en
dc.language.isoenen
dc.publisherAmerican Psychological Associationen
dc.relation.ispartofseriesDevelopmental Psychology;2020, Volume 56, Issue 10 (Oct)
dc.rightsThis is an author generated postprint of the article: von Soest, T., Luhmann, & Gerstorf, D. (2020). The Development of Loneliness Through Adolescence and Young Adulthood: Its Nature, Correlates, and Midlife Outcomes. Developmental Psychology. doi: 10.1037/dev0001102 Copyright 2020, American Psychological Association.en
dc.subjectLonelinessen
dc.subjectAdolescenceen
dc.subjectYoung adulthooden
dc.subjectMidlifeen
dc.subjectLongitudinal studiesen
dc.titleThe Development of loneliness through adolescence and young adulthood: Its nature, correlates, and midlife outcomesen
dc.typeJournal articleen
dc.typePeer revieweden
dc.date.updated2020-09-04T18:40:14Z
dc.description.versionpublishedVersionen
dc.identifier.doihttps://dx.doi.org/10.1037/dev0001102
dc.identifier.cristin1827499
dc.source.journalDevelopmental Psychology


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