Seismic fragility analysis of low-rise unreinforced masonry buildings subjected to near- and far-field ground motions

Abstract

Unreinforced masonry (URM) is considered one of the most cost-effective structural typologies for low-rise buildings in seismic regions. Near-field (NF) ground motions are sometimes characterized by high-velocity pulses that are typically more destructive than far-field (FF) seismic events. Therefore, a seismic fragility anal- ysis of low-rise URM building typologies subjected to NF and FF seismic events was performed. Four URM walls were chosen, and nonlinear models of the walls were developed based on the double-modified, multiple vertical line element model (DM-MVLEM). The zero-moment coefficient was used to determine the effective uncracked section length of a pier. This parameter must be calculated for each pier of a perforated URM wall to derive the maximum shear strength of the piers used in a nonlinear model development process. A simplified analytical method was proposed to obtain the zero-moment coefficient factor of piers by performing linear static analysis on nine perforated walls and regression analyses of the results. Subsequently, nonlinear pushover analysis was performed to derive the capacity curves, and the damage limit states were defined for each model according to the Eurocode 8 standard. Subsequently, incremental dynamic analysis (IDA) was performed for each case study by applying FF and NF ground motions. Finally, fragility curves were developed based on the IDA results for each damage limit state. The susceptibilities of one- and two-story URM walls subjected to FF and NF seismic events were investigated by examining the derived fragility curves.