How can co-creation improve the engagement of farmers in weather and climate services (WCS) in India

Abstract

This paper compares how the governance of four agro-met services operating in the same basic area of Maharashtra, India condition the engagement between the users and the providers of the services. The four cases reveal diverse institutional designs and engagement mechanisms for involvement of end-users and intermediary users and partners. The four services studied included a mix between public and private providers; the Agro-met Advisory Services of the Indian Metrological Department (IMD-AAS); IFFCO Kisan agro-met services hosted by the Indian Farmers Fertilisers Cooperative Limited (IFFCO) with funding from the government; Reuters Market Light (RML AgTech), a private firm; and, the Agricultural Meteorological Program of Watershed Organisation Trust’s (WOTR), a civil society organization.