Vis enkel innførsel

dc.contributor.authorJohnsen, Åge
dc.date.accessioned2014-03-31T08:15:38Z
dc.date.available2015-03-06T03:03:02Z
dc.date.issued2013-03-06
dc.identifier.citationJohnsen, Å. (2013). Performance Management and Evaluation in Norwegian Local Government: Complementary or Competing Tools of Management?. New Directions for Evaluation, 2013(137), 93-101.en_US
dc.identifier.issn1097-6736
dc.identifier.otherFRIDAID 1005180
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10642/1937
dc.description.abstractExposure to ambient particulate matter (PM) has been associated with adverse cardiopulmonary effects where inflammation seems to play an important role. Cellular release of inflammatory mediators is therefore commonly measured in in vitro studies of PM-induced effects. However, adsorption of such mediators to PM may interfere with these measurements and thereby possibly also influence the conclusions of such studies. The aim of the present mini review is to provide the reader with an update on what is currently known about adsorption of inflammatory mediators to PM. We also present a step-by-step method for correction of in vitro results, based on mediator adsorption experiments. Moreover, mediator adsorption and its possible consequences are exemplified with a case study demonstrating adsorption of long pentraxin 3 (PTX3) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) to a selection of PM samples. The highest degree of adsorption was determined to be 65 and 95% for PTX3 and VEGF respectively, and for the various PM samples the degree of adsorption was highly variable. In conclusion, the data and results discussed in this review underscore the importance of assessing and correcting for mediator adsorption, especially in studies involving comparison of effects induced by several different PM samples.en_US
dc.language.isoengen_US
dc.publisherJohn Wiley & Sons, Inc.en_US
dc.relation.ispartofseriesNew directions for evaluation;2013(137)
dc.subjectParticulate matteren_US
dc.subjectInflammationen_US
dc.subjectELISAen_US
dc.subjectCytokinesen_US
dc.subjectMediator absorptionen_US
dc.subjectVDP::Samfunnsvitenskap: 200::Statsvitenskap og organisasjonsteori: 240::Offentlig og privat administrasjon: 242en_US
dc.titlePerformance management and evaluation in Norwegian local government: Complementary or competing tools of management?en_US
dc.typeChapteren_US
dc.typePeer revieweden_US
dc.description.versionThis is a preprint of an article published in Johnsen, Å. (2013). Performance Management and Evaluation in Norwegian Local Government: Complementary or Competing Tools of Management?. New Directions for Evaluation, 2013(137), 93-101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ev.20049en_US
dc.identifier.doihttp://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ev.20049


Tilhørende fil(er)

Thumbnail

Denne innførselen finnes i følgende samling(er)

Vis enkel innførsel