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Psychopathology as a result of selection by consequences exemplified by autism spectrum disorders (ASD).

Eikeseth, Svein
Journal article, Peer reviewed
Published version
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NTA_2016_1_06_Eikeseth.pdf (62.39Kb)
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https://hdl.handle.net/10642/4893
Utgivelsesdato
2016
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  • HV - Department of Behavioural Sciences [208]
Originalversjon
Eikeseth S. Psychopathology as a result of selection by consequences exemplified by autism spectrum disorders (ASD).. Norsk Tidsskrift for Atferdsanalyse. 2016;43:35-38  
Sammendrag
B. F. Skinner is one of the most important

20th century psychologists, and the 1981

paper

Selection by Consequences

is among his

most important contributions. In this paper,

Skinner integrates evolutionary biology

with psychology, sociology and anthropology. More specifically, Skinner shows how

selection by consequences operates on the

shaping and maintenance of the behavior

of the individual (i.e., psychology) as well as

on the evolution of cultures (sociology and

anthropology). Selection by consequences

on the individual and cultural levels makes

the foundation for

behavior analysis, which

is a broad interdisciplinary natural science.

In this paper, I will focus on selection of

the behavior of the individual. Specifically,

I will focus on how consequences may

select abnormal behavior, as exemplified by

a hypothesis of how the behaviors defining

Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD) may be

shaped and maintained through selection by

consequences. Skinner asserted that selection

has been neglected and that causal force

has been assigned to structures instead. He

exemplified this using cognitive psychology,

Freudian psychology, Gestalt psychology

and anthropology, but he did not address

specifically how abnormal behavior may be

understood based on the principle of selection by consequences.
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