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dc.contributor.authorJenum, Anne Karenen_US
dc.contributor.authorSommer, Christineen_US
dc.contributor.authorSletner, Lineen_US
dc.contributor.authorMørkrid, Kjerstien_US
dc.contributor.authorBærug, Anne Bergljoten_US
dc.contributor.authorMosdøl, Annhilden_US
dc.date.accessioned2014-04-14T12:30:34Z
dc.date.available2014-04-14T12:30:34Z
dc.date.issued2013en_US
dc.identifier.citationJenum, A. K., Sommer, C., Sletner, L., Mørkrid, K., Bærug, A., & Mosdøl, A. (2013). Adiposity and hyperglycaemia in pregnancy and related health outcomes in European ethnic minorities of Asian and African origin: a review. Food & nutrition research, 57.en_US
dc.identifier.issn1654-6628en_US
dc.identifier.otherFRIDAID 1037298en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/10642/2002
dc.description.abstractBackground: Ethnic minorities in Europe have high susceptibility to type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and, in some groups, also cardiovascular disease (CVD). Pregnancy can be considered a stress test that predicts future morbidity patterns in women and that affects future health of the child. Objective: To review ethnic differences in: 1) adiposity, hyperglycaemia, and pre-eclampsia during pregnancy; 2) future risk in the mother of obesity, T2DM and CVD; and 3) prenatal development and possible influences of maternal obesity, hyperglycaemia, and pre-eclampsia on offspring’s future disease risk, as relevant for ethnic minorities in Europe of Asian and African origin. Design: Literature review. Results: Maternal health among ethnic minorities is still sparsely documented. Higher pre-pregnant body mass index (BMI) is found in women of African and Middle Eastern descent, and lower BMI in women from East and South Asia compared with women from the majority population. Within study populations, risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is considerably higher in many minority groups, particularly South Asians, than in the majority population. This increased risk is apparent at lower BMI and younger ages. Women of African origin have higher risk of pre-eclampsia. A GDM pregnancy implies approximately seven-fold higher risk of T2DM than normal pregnancies, and both GDM and pre-eclampsia increase later risk of CVD. Asian neonates have lower birth weights, and mostly also African neonates. This may translate into increased risks of later obesity, T2DM, and CVD. Foetal overgrowth can promote the same conditions. Breastfeeding represents a possible strategy to reduce risk of T2DM in both the mother and the child. Conclusions: Ethnic minority women in Europe with Asian and African origin and their offspring seem to be at increased risk of T2DM and CVD, both currently and in the future. Pregnancy is an important window of opportunity for short and long-term disease prevention.en_US
dc.language.isoengen_US
dc.publisherCo-Action Publishingen_US
dc.relation.ispartofseriesFood & Nutrition Research;57en_US
dc.subjectObesityen_US
dc.subjectGestational diabetesen_US
dc.subjectPre-eclampsiaen_US
dc.subjectType 2 diabetesen_US
dc.subjectCardiovascular diseaseen_US
dc.subjectPregnancyen_US
dc.subjectEthnicityen_US
dc.subjectImmigrantsen_US
dc.titleAdiposity and hyperglycaemia in pregnancy and related health outcomes in European ethnic minorities of Asian and African origin: a review.en_US
dc.typeJournal articleen_US
dc.typePeer revieweden_US
dc.description.versionThis article is published under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 3.0 Unported Licenseen_US
dc.identifier.doihttp://dx.doi.org/10.3402/fnr.v57i0.18889


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