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dc.contributor.authorGalles, Natalie C.
dc.contributor.authorLiu, Patrick Y.
dc.contributor.authorUpdike, Rachel L
dc.contributor.authorKisa, Sezer
dc.contributor.authorKisa, Adnan
dc.contributor.authorCollaborators, Vaccine Coverage
dc.date.accessioned2021-09-29T13:26:39Z
dc.date.available2021-09-29T13:26:39Z
dc.date.created2021-08-07T11:28:46Z
dc.date.issued2021-07-14
dc.identifier.citationThe Lancet. 2021, .en_US
dc.identifier.issn0140-6736
dc.identifier.issn1474-547X
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/11250/2786079
dc.description.abstractBackground: Measuring routine childhood vaccination is crucial to inform global vaccine policies and programme implementation, and to track progress towards targets set by the Global Vaccine Action Plan (GVAP) and Immunization Agenda 2030. Robust estimates of routine vaccine coverage are needed to identify past successes and persistent vulnerabilities. Drawing from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2020, Release 1, we did a systematic analysis of global, regional, and national vaccine coverage trends using a statistical framework, by vaccine and over time. Methods: For this analysis we collated 55 326 country-specific, cohort-specific, year-specific, vaccine-specific, and dose-specific observations of routine childhood vaccination coverage between 1980 and 2019. Using spatiotemporal Gaussian process regression, we produced location-specific and year-specific estimates of 11 routine childhood vaccine coverage indicators for 204 countries and territories from 1980 to 2019, adjusting for biases in country-reported data and reflecting reported stockouts and supply disruptions. We analysed global and regional trends in coverage and numbers of zero-dose children (defined as those who never received a diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis [DTP] vaccine dose), progress towards GVAP targets, and the relationship between vaccine coverage and sociodemographic development. Findings: By 2019, global coverage of third-dose DTP (DTP3; 81·6% [95% uncertainty interval 80·4–82·7]) more than doubled from levels estimated in 1980 (39·9% [37·5–42·1]), as did global coverage of the first-dose measles-containing vaccine (MCV1; from 38·5% [35·4–41·3] in 1980 to 83·6% [82·3–84·8] in 2019). Third-dose polio vaccine (Pol3) coverage also increased, from 42·6% (41·4–44·1) in 1980 to 79·8% (78·4–81·1) in 2019, and global coverage of newer vaccines increased rapidly between 2000 and 2019. The global number of zero-dose children fell by nearly 75% between 1980 and 2019, from 56·8 million (52·6–60·9) to 14·5 million (13·4–15·9). However, over the past decade, global vaccine coverage broadly plateaued; 94 countries and territories recorded decreasing DTP3 coverage since 2010. Only 11 countries and territories were estimated to have reached the national GVAP target of at least 90% coverage for all assessed vaccines in 2019. Interpretation: After achieving large gains in childhood vaccine coverage worldwide, in much of the world this progress was stalled or reversed from 2010 to 2019. These findings underscore the importance of revisiting routine immunisation strategies and programmatic approaches, recentring service delivery around equity and underserved populations. Strengthening vaccine data and monitoring systems is crucial to these pursuits, now and through to 2030, to ensure that all children have access to, and can benefit from, lifesaving vaccines.en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipFunding was provided by the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.en_US
dc.language.isoengen_US
dc.publisherElsevieren_US
dc.relation.ispartofseriesThe Lancet;Volume 398, Issue 10299
dc.rightsNavngivelse 4.0 Internasjonal*
dc.rights.urihttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/deed.no*
dc.subjectChildhood vaccinationen_US
dc.subjectGlobal vaccine policiesen_US
dc.subjectVaccine programme implementationen_US
dc.subjectVaccine coverageen_US
dc.subjectRoutine immunisationen_US
dc.subjectVaccination approachesen_US
dc.titleMeasuring routine childhood vaccination coverage in 204 countries and territories, 1980–2019: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2020, Release 1en_US
dc.typePeer revieweden_US
dc.typeJournal articleen_US
dc.description.versionpublishedVersionen_US
dc.rights.holder© 2021 The Author(s).en_US
cristin.ispublishedtrue
cristin.fulltextoriginal
cristin.qualitycode2
dc.identifier.doihttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(21)00984-3
dc.identifier.cristin1924532
dc.source.journalThe Lanceten_US
dc.source.volume398en_US
dc.source.issue10299en_US
dc.source.pagenumber503-521en_US


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