A review of oxygen use during chest compressions in Newborns-A meta-analysis of animal data
Garcia-Hidalgo, Catalina; Cheung, Po-Yin; Vento, Máximo; O´Reilly, Megan; Saugstad, Ola Didrik; Schmölzer, Georg M.
Journal article, Peer reviewed
Published version
Date
2018-12-18Metadata
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Original version
Garcia-Hidalgo, C., Cheung, P. Y., Solevåg, A. L., Vento, M., O'Reilly, M., Saugstad, O., & Schmolzer, G. (2018). A review of oxygen use during chest compressions in newborns. Frontiers in pediatrics, 6, 400. https://doi.org/10.3389/fped.2018.00400Abstract
Background: International consensus statements for resuscitation of newborn infants recommend provision of 100% oxygen once chest compressions are required. However, 100% oxygen exacerbates reperfusion injury and reduces cerebral perfusion in newborn babies.
Objective: We aimed to establish whether resuscitation with air during chest compression is feasible and safe in newborn infants compared with 100% oxygen.
Methods: Systematic search of PubMed, Google Scholar and CINAHL for articles examining variable oxygen concentrations during chest compressions in term newborns.
Results: Overall, no human studies but eight animal studies (n = 323 animals) comparing various oxygen concentrations during chest compression were identified. The pooled analysis showed no difference in mortality rates for animals resuscitated with air vs. 100% oxygen (risk ratio 1.04 [0.35, 3.08], I2 = 0%, p = 0.94). ROSC was also similar between groups with a mean difference of −3.8 [−29.7–22] s, I2 = 0%, p = 0.77. No difference in oxygen damage or adverse events were identified between groups.
Conclusions: Air had similar time to ROSC and mortality as 100% oxygen during neonatal chest compression. A large randomized controlled clinical trial comparing air vs. 100% oxygen during neonatal chest compression is warranted.