Et atferdsanalytisk perspektiv på utforming av politikk

Abstract

There is a difference between what people know is the best thing to do and what they actually do. Decision theory has been dominated by neoclassical economy and the idea about the rational man. This article describes a few principles that are relevant in order to understand how people make decisions when the outcome is uncertain. Psychology has given us several irrational decision-making biases that humans do. One bias that humans do is herd mentality. In this case herd mentality is used to make a change to the better. Choice architecture is a way of presenting choices to people in a way that improves decisions that are made. In the making of politics it has been argued that it would benefit from implementing behavioral analysis to create and evaluate interventions. That way knowledge about what works and what do not work can be accumulated. That makes it possible for politics to be created on scientific grounds. As part of a Meta analysis a systematic search was conducted. The aim of the review was to find weather it is possible to increase the number of people that are recycling their waist. The result was three articles. They all indicate that it is possible to increase the number of people that are recycling with the introduction of a social norm. A systematic replication of two of the articles was designed and implemented in a suburb outside Halden, southeast in Norway. The result confirms earlier work within the field. With an introduction of a social norm, there was a significant increase in the number of people that were recycling their food waist