dc.contributor.author | Mamelund, Svenn-Erik | en_US |
dc.contributor.author | Haneberg, Bjørn | en_US |
dc.contributor.author | Mjaaland, Siri | en_US |
dc.date.accessioned | 2016-04-21T08:45:28Z | |
dc.date.available | 2016-04-21T08:45:28Z | |
dc.date.issued | 2016-02-16 | en_US |
dc.identifier.citation | Mamelund, S. E., Haneberg, B., & Mjaaland, S. (2016, January). A Missed Summer Wave of the 1918–1919 Influenza Pandemic: Evidence From Household Surveys in the United States and Norway. In Open Forum Infectious Diseases (Vol. 3, No. 1, p. ofw040). Oxford University Press. | en_US |
dc.identifier.issn | 2328-8957 | en_US |
dc.identifier.other | FRIDAID 1335377 | en_US |
dc.identifier.uri | https://hdl.handle.net/10642/3274 | |
dc.description.abstract | Background
.
Reanalysis of in
fl
uenza survey data from 1918 to 1919 was done to obtain new insights into the geographic and
host factors responsible for the various waves.
Methods
.
We analyzed the age- and sex-speci
fi
cin
fl
uenza morbidity, fatality, and mortality for the city of Baltimore and smaller
towns and rural areas of Maryland and the city of Bergen (Norway), using survey data. The Maryland surveys captured the 1918 fall
wave, whereas the Bergen survey captured 3 waves during 1918
–
1919.
Results
.
Morbidity in rural areas of Maryland was higher than in the city of Baltimore during the fall of 1918, that was almost
equal to that in Bergen during the summer of 1918. In Bergen, the morbidity in the fall was only half of that in the summer, with
more females than males just above the age of 20 falling ill, as seen in both regions of Maryland. In contrast, more males than females
fell ill during the summer wave in Bergen. Individuals <40 years had the highest morbidity, whereas school-aged children had the
lowest fatality and mortality.
Conclusion
.
A previously unrecognized pandemic summer wave may have hit the 2 regions of Maryland in 1918. | en_US |
dc.language.iso | eng | en_US |
dc.publisher | Oxford University Press | en_US |
dc.subject | fatality | en_US |
dc.subject | gender | en_US |
dc.subject | morbidity | en_US |
dc.subject | Spanish influenza | en_US |
dc.subject | vitamin D | en_US |
dc.title | A Missed Summer Wave of the 1918-1919 Influenza Pandemic: Evidence From Household Surveys in the United States and Norway | en_US |
dc.type | Journal article | en_US |
dc.type | Peer reviewed | en_US |
dc.identifier.doi | http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofw040 | en_US |